Knowledge Management

1.What is the management ?

Management is the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people.

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2.What is knowledge management ?

Knowledge Management is the collection of processes that govern the creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge. In one form or another, knowledge management has been around for a very long time. Practitioners have included philosophers, priests, teachers, politicians, scribes, Liberians, etc.

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3.What is information system ?

Information systems, as a discipline, focuses on exploring the interface between management, information science and computer science. Computer Science focuses on information technology: software. Information Systems mediates the two opposing worlds of human activity systems and information technology.

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4.What are the component of information systems? 

5 COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM:

1. COMPUTER HARDWARE

2. SOFTWARE

3. DATA

4. PROCEDURES

5. PEOPLE

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5.Why do we need to apply the knowledge management process in our business ?

Because competitive success will be based on how strategically intellectual capital is managed .

What is copyright

1. What is copyright

Copyright is a form of protection provided to the authors of “original works” and includes such things as literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual creations, both published and unpublished. Copyright does not protect ideas. It only protects the specific and original expression of the idea. A good example of this is that there are many films and books based on the classic boy meets girl theme in which the girl’s parents disapprove of boy and after many tears, true love finally triumphs. This theme cannot be monopolised, but original works to it can be. The same can be said of all other works.

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2. What is fair use

Fair use is a copyright principle based on the belief that the public is entitled to freely use portions of copyrighted materials forpurposes of commentary and criticism. For example, if you wish to criticize a novelist, you should have the freedom to quote a portion of the novelist's work without asking permission. Absent this freedom, copyright owners could stifle any negative comments about their work.
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3.What is patent

A patent is a right granted for any device, substance, method or process which is new, inventive and useful.

A patent is legally enforceable and gives the owner the exclusive right to commercially exploit the invention for the life of the patent. This is not automatic-you must apply for a patent to obtain exclusive rights to exploit your invention. Kambrook learned this the hard way.

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4. What is not copyright - protected

 1. Pre-existing material

Copyright protection for a work does not extend to pre-existing material. It is only provided for those portions of a work that result from original authorship.

2. Facts

The Unites States Code does not specifically identify "facts" as being exempt from protection. Rather, it states, "In no case does copyright protection for an original work of authorship extend to any idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery, regardless of the form in which it is described, explained, illustrated, or embodied in such work." The U.S. Supreme Court, in Feist vs. Rural Telephone, says that this is "universally"  understood to exclude facts, as well. 

3. Ideas, Principles, and Concepts

deas, principles, and concepts are specifically excluded from copyright protection. If they weren't, then the first person who wrote a romance novel would have a monopoly.  

4.Procedures, processes, systems, or method of operation

A simple example of this would be a recipe. A basic recipe is a procedure for the process of producing something to eat. A recipe that is nothing more than that will not be protected by copyright law. When a recipe is written in an original, descriptive fashion, then those elements of the recipe that embody the description are protected.

5.Public Domain

A work in the public domain belongs to everyone and is not protected by copyright.  Once material lapses or is placed into public domain, it will always remain in the public domain.

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Rubric Evaluation

	Levels (Criteria)
Dimensions (Categories)	Strong "In Control" 5	Developing "Coming Along" 3	Not There Yet 1	Points
IDEAS	-clear and focussed -holds attention -rich with details and anecdotes -fresh, original treatment of ideas -easy to understand	-adequate but mundane treatment of ideas -some attempt at support or expansion but key issues or story line not fleshed out or confused by irrelevant detail -all events assume equal importance	-unclear -leaves reader hungry for details -text may be repetitious, confusing or disconnected - random thoughts
ORGANIZATION	-order, structure or presentation of information is compelling and moves the reader through the text -flows smoothly -inviting introduction draws reader in -satisfying conclusion -thoughtful, smooth transitions	-structure moves reader through text without confusion -recognizable introduction and conclusion -connections between ideas may be unclear at times	-a clear sense of direction is not evident -ideas may be strung together loosely -ineffective or nonexistent lead and conclusion -hard to determine the main point
VOICE	-tone of writing is individual and engaging, appropriate to purpose and audience -writer has taken risks by revealing himself -commitment to topic	-writing contains generalities and few personal insight -tone may be pleasant and "safe" -individual perspective or sincerity is not evident	-style does not match audience or purpose -monotone, flat writing -lifeless, risk-free
WORD CHOICE	-powerful, engaging words, convey the intended impression in a precise, interesting and natural way -phrases create pictures, linger in reader's mind	-words are adequate, correct -attempts at colourful language may go too far -passive verbs, mundane nouns, some adjectives and adverbs	-vocabulary may be vague and immature -clichés, jargon -guess at meaning
SENTENCE FLUENCY	-natural flow to sentences -sentences are well-constructed with strong and varied structure -cadence invites oral reading	-text seems more pleasant and businesslike than musical -sentences are generally correct with some variety in length and structure	-sentences choppy or awkward -most sentences are simple in structure and begin the same way -frequent connectives
CONVENTIONS	-writer demonstrates a grasp of standard writing conventions -some minor errors	-reasonable control over conventions -some misspellings, errors in internal punctuation, attempted paragraphing	-frequent errors in conventions may interfere with reading

How search engines work ?

Please note: search engines are not simple. They include incredibly detailed processes and methodologies, and are updated all the time. This is a bare bones look at how search engines work to retrieve your search results. All search engines go by this basic process when conducting search processes, but because there are differences in search engines, there are bound to be different results depending on which engine you use.

1. The searcher types a query into a search engine.
2. Search engine software quickly sorts through literally millions of pages in its database to find matches to this query.
3. The search engine's results are ranked in order of relevancy.

Examples of Search Engines

There are a TON of great search engines out there for you to choose from. Whatever your search need might be, you'll find a search engine to meet it.



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 Three type of search engines

1. Directory  search engine

Internet search engines are categorized by topic in our searchable directory of general and specialty search engines. Also listed are resources and tools for exploring the deep web, performing advanced research, and for learning about using search engine tools and technology. Example Yahoo

2.General search engine

A general search engine is a search engine that covers the overall Web, using its own spider to collect Web pages for its own index.

When to use a general search engine

• When you have a well-defined topic or idea to research
• When your topic is obscure
• When you are looking for a specific site
• When you want to search the full text of millions of Web pages
• When you want to retrieve a large number of Web sites on your topic
• When you want to search for particular types of documents, sites, file types, languages, date last modified, geographical location, etc.

Examples of general search engines

This is easy. General search engines have been popular and newsworthy for many years.

• Google
• Bing
• Yahoo! 

3.Meta search engine

A metasearch engine is a search tool^[1] that sends user requests to several other search engines and/or databases and aggregates the results into a single list or displays them according to their source. Metasearch engines enable users to enter search criteria once and access several search engines simultaneously. Metasearch engines operate on the premise that the Web is too large for any one search engine to index it all and that more comprehensive search results can be obtained by combining the results from several search engines. This also may save the user from having to use multiple search engines separately.

The term "metasearch" is frequently used to classify a set of commercial search engines, see the list of search engines, but is also used to describe the paradigm of searching multiple data sources in real time. The National Information Standards Organization (NISO) uses the terms Federated Search and Metasearch interchangeably to describe this web search paradigm.

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How does the internet work

1.What is the internet ?

The internet is a global network of computers each computer connected to the Internet must have a unique address.

2.What is Internet Protocal ? (IP address )

Internet Protocal (IP) is the language that computers use to communicate over the internet .A protocal is the pre-defined way that someone who wants to use a service talks with that service.

3.What is the OSI model ?

The OSI Model is used to describe networks and network application.

Layers of OSI  Model 

There are Sever Layers of OSI Model :

OSI Layer Diagram:

            

7)  Application Layer : The application layer provider different services to the application. Example of services provided by this layer are file transfer, electronic messaging e-mail, virtual terminal access and network management.

6) Presentation Layer : The Presentation layer is responsible for protocol conversion, date encryption/decryption, Expanding graphics command and the date compression. This layer makes the communications between two host possible.

5) Session Layer : This layer is responsible for establishing the process-to-process communication between the host in the network. This layer is responsible for establishing and ending the sessions across the network. The interactive login is an example of services provided by this layer in which the connective are re-connected in care of any interruption.

4) Transport Layer : This layer is responsible for end-to-end delivers of messages between the networked hosts. It first divides the streams of data into chunks or packets before transmission and  then the receiving computer re-assembles the packets. It also guarantee error free data delivery without loss or duplications.

3) Network Layer : This layer is responsible for translating the logical network address and names into their physical address ( MAC address). This layer is also responsible for addressing, determining routes for sending and managing network problems such as packet switching, data congestion and routines.

2) Data Link Layer : Data link layer is responsible for controlling the error between adjacent nodes and transfer the frames to other computer via physical layer. Data link layer is used by hubs and switches for their operation.

1) Physical Layer : Physical  Layer is responsible for transmitting row bit stream over the physical cable. The physical layer defines the hardware items such as cables, cards, voltages etc.

4.What is Internet Infrastructure ?

First of all, let me define what I mean by ‘Internet Infrastructure’. All the hardware and services required to make this web page appear in your browser, or an RSS feed download into your reader, or VOIP calls / emails get to your desktop. All the underlying technologies that are unseen, but ‘make the Internet go’.

I see Internet Infrastructure consisting of a ‘Top 5′ areas :

• Data Centres
• Network Connectivity
• Computer Equipment
• Storage Services
• Server Applications

5.What is domain names ?

The domain names or DNS is a distributed database which keeps track of computer 's names and their corresponding IP address on the internet.

6.What is world wide web ? and its services ?

The World Wide Web, abbreviated as WWW and commonly known as the Web, is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them by using hyperlinks. Using concepts from earlier hypertext systems.

7.How many internet users in Thailand ?

Thailand
Internet usage, broadband and telecommunications reports

Internet Usage Statistics:
17,486,400 Internet users as of June, 2010
per ITU.

The report

Bio-energy projects in Thailand

By

Ms. Kewalee  Kumlue  52051073

 Mr. James      jingye     53060803

Present

Assoc.Prof.Dr.Namtip Wipawin

1^st Semester /2010

Abstract

          This report is developed for the purpose of evaluating the challenges in replicating ‘best practice’, community-based rural bio-energy projects in Thailand and identify policy actions that could be undertaken to overcome such challenges. The research was funded by FAO, and developed by Rural and Social Management Institute (RASMI) and ChangeFusion Institute, Foundation for Thailand Rural Reconstruction Movement Under Royal Patronage he, during the period of July - October 2009. In the study, three ‘best practice’ communities are identified, Don Phing Dad village which has adopted recycled bio-diesel and high-efficiency charcoal kiln, Lao Khwan sub-district which has adopted biogas system, and Ta-Ong sub-district which has adopted biogas system and high-efficiency charcoal kiln. Furthermore, 17 replicating communities are also selected in order to evaluate their attempt to replicate the best practice. Replicating communities being selected are composed of 9 communities replicated from Don Phing Dad village, 4 communities replicated from Lao-Khwan sub-district, and 4 communities replicated from Ta-Ong sub-district.

Table of contents

 

Abstract/Executive Summary                                      

What is Bio energy                                                                     

The Bio-energy in Thailand                                                         

Study Approach and Methodology                                             

Policy Recommendations                                                            

Reference                                                                                  

 Introduction

           Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials  

derived from biological sources. In its most narrow sense it is a synonym to biofuel, which is fuel derived from biological sources. In its broader sense it includes biomass, the biological material used as a biofuel, as well as the social, economic, scientific and technical fields associated with using biological sources for energy. This is a commomisconception, as bioenergy is the energy extracted from the biomass, as the biomass is the fuel and the bioenergy is the energy contained in the fuel.

Discussion

The  Bio-energy in Thailand

             Starting from the background of Bio-energy in Thailand, the Literature Review section demonstrates how important Bio-energy is for the Thai communities nowadays. At the very beginning, it points out the problem in Thailand that Bio-energy has been utilized in the less effective manner. Yet, there are still many examples of communities who are making the more efficient and innovative use of Biomass to produce energy. Unfortunately, their success and performance of these “best practices of Bio-energy communities have not been properly publicized or being made better known to the rest of the country. Besides, Bio-energy has been found to provide a diverse range of potential benefits to rural Thai communities. The purpose of this research is to identify the

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key success factors in replicating “best practice” communities, as well as to find out challenging factors in doing so.

Conclusion

            Study Approach and Methodology”, provides some additional background and analysis on the case selected together with methods being employed in attaining data. The factors contributing to the selection criteria include the ability to adopt and use bio-energy technology, the diversity both in term of location and technologies being adopted, and self-reliance and financial viability. According to these criteria, the “best practice” communities are identified and selected. The data were collected by conducting in-depth interview with several stakeholders in each selected project, namely group of community leaders, villagers, government officials, and local NGOs. The field surveys were additionally adopted. Non-participatory observation was also employed by the research; to observe how the technologies are used by villagers and how projects are managed in reality.

Recommendations   

                                                                

             The main purpose of this section is to recommend policy actions that can facilitate the “conditions” for success of bio-energy projects. In general, according to the study, the issue being addressed most often is a lack of serious attention from related government officials in working together with community. The government should cohesively work with the community in implementing the projects and provide close supervision to the community. Supervision is important because no matter, how much training or budget being provided to the community, it is still unlikely that the community can successfully implement a bio-energy project or even start the project if there is no close supervision. Although the communities are provided with the training, financial and technical supports, it does not mean that all necessary conditions will be met. For example, the training provided may not be so stimulating that training participants reach the state of explosion from within. Or when communities try implementing what they have learned from the trainings in their communities, they will usually face technical problems which, are not covered in the trainings. And unfortunately, they have no one to turn into.

   References

Bioenergy                      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioenergy 
Bio-energy projects  http://www.rasmi-trrm.org/index.php?lay=show&ac=articleId=539147706

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Online catalog and Database.

1.Can you indentify the library website,OPAC,library database ?

• Library website is a website that allow you to access to any books in the library online.
• OPAC is  An OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) is an online bibliography of a library collection that is available to the public. OPACs developed as stand-alone online catalogs, often from VT100 terminals to a mainframe library catalog. With the arrival of the Internet, most libraries have made their OPAC accessible from a server to users all over the world.
•  library database is online resource that the library subscribes to that contains article and information from print sources such as magazine , newspaper,journal and reference book.

2. List 5 PDF files of articles you seach from Google ?

1. SWANTEP TRAVEL TOUR 
2. Wording Travel Guard Domestic _Thai Version_ 
3. Celebrate Your Marriage in Style 
4. ORIGAMI SCOTTY DOG 
5. Can People Distinguish Pâté from Dog Food?

 3.What is an abstract ?

•    An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose.    

 4.What is "a full-text article " ?

•  Refers to a technique for searching a computer-stored document or database. In a full text search, the search engine examines all of the words in every stored document as it tries to match search words supplied by the user.   

5.What is your search  technique (s) when you 're doing your homework or assignment ?

•   I always use  searching engine >>> Google website and some time use library website , both are easy to find correct information.